| 朱珠,董召,巩杨帆,刘敏,李霞,王立,李勃睿,葛伟.老年人5种常见慢性代谢性疾病共病现状及其影响因素分析[J].老年医学与保健,2026,32(3):346-351 |
| 老年人5种常见慢性代谢性疾病共病现状及其影响因素分析 |
| Analysis of prevalence and influencing factors of comorbidities of five common chronic metabolic diseases in the elderly |
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| DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1008-8296.2026.03.006 |
| 中文关键词: 慢性代谢性疾病 老年人 共病 影响因素 |
| 英文关键词: chronic metabolic disease elderly comorbidities influencing factor |
| 基金项目:82270259:国家自然科学基金;2024SF-ZDCYL-01-05:陕西省重点研发计划;2025TD-12:陕西省卫生健康科研创新能力提升计划 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 探讨社区老年人群高血压、糖尿病、高脂血症、高尿酸血症及肥胖5 种常见慢性代谢性疾病的共病流行特征,并分析其影响因素.方法 采用横断面研究设计,于2025 年3 月至9 月选取西安市732 名社区老年人为研究对象,通过问卷调查、生化检测及体格测量收集相关数据,采用多因素 Logistic 回归模型分析代谢性疾病共病的影响因素.结果 在732 名研究对象中,代谢性疾病共病(≥2 种)检出率为36.48%,其中合并2 种疾病者193 例(26.37%),合并3 种及以上者74 例(10.11%).2 种疾病共病组合以高血压合并高脂血症最为常见(84 例,占共病组的43.52%);3 种疾病共病组合以高血压、糖尿病合并高脂血症占比最高(41 例,占三联共病的 56.16%).多因素 Logistic 回归分析显示,男性(OR=1.40)、75～89 岁(OR=1.85)、饮酒(OR=2.27)、中心性肥胖(OR=1.58)及腰围增大(OR=1.01)是代谢性疾病共病的独立危险因素(P<0.05);规律锻炼(OR=0.20)及握力增加(OR=0.98)为独立保护因素(P<0.01).结论 西安市社区老年人代谢性疾病共病问题较为突出,以高血压合并高脂血症为主要共病模式.建议将腰围与握力纳入老年人常规健康监测指标,并对男性、高龄、饮酒及中心性肥胖人群实施重点健康干预. |
| 英文摘要: |
| Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of comorbidities involving five common chronic metabolic diseases(hypertension,diabetes,hyperlipidemia,hyperuricemia,and obesity)among the community-dwelling elderly people,and analyze the influencing factors associated with the occurrence of comorbidities.Methods A cross-sectional study design was adopted.From March to September 2025,732 community-dwelling elderly people in Xi'an were selected as the research subjects.Data were collected through questionnaires surveys,biochemical tests,and physical examinations.A multivariate Logistic regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors of comorbidities of metabolic diseases.Results Among the 732 subjects,the detection rate of comorbidities(≥2 diseases)was 36.48%.Among them,193 cases(26.37%)had two diseases,and74 ones(10.11%)had three or more diseases.The most common comorbidity combination was hypertension combined with hyperlipidemia(84 cases,accounting for 43.52%of the comorbidities group).The most common combination of the three diseases was hypertension,diabetes,and hyperlipidemia(41 cases,accounting for 56.16%of the total cases of the triple-comorbidities group).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that male(OR=1.40),advanced age(OR=1.85),alcohol consumption(OR=2.27),central obesity(OR=1.58),and increased waist circumference(OR=1.01)were independent risk factors for comorbidities of metabolic diseases(P<0.05),whereas regular exercise(OR=0.20)and increased grip strength(OR=0.98)were independent protective factors(P<0.01).Conclusion Comorbidities of metabolic diseases is prominent among the community-dwelling elderly people in Xi'an,and its main comorbidity pattern is hypertension combined with hyperlipidemia.It is suggested that waist circumference and grip strength should be included as routine health monitoring indicators for the elderly,and targeted health interventions should be implemented for men,the elderly,alcohol consumers,and those with central obesity. |
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