| 刘宇轩,许成燕,周婧,安丙辰,郑洁皎,沈利岩.上海市某社区老年膝骨关节炎患者运动能力影响因素的横断面研究[J].老年医学与保健,2026,32(3):441-446 |
| 上海市某社区老年膝骨关节炎患者运动能力影响因素的横断面研究 |
| Cross-sectional study on influencing factors of exercise capacity in elderly patients with knee osteoarthritis in a community in Shanghai |
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| DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1008-8296.2026.03.021 |
| 中文关键词: 老年 社区 骨关节炎 膝 运动 |
| 英文关键词: elderly community osteoarthritis knee exercise |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 分析影响老年膝骨关节炎(KOA)患者最大运动能力的因素,为针对性临床干预提供依据.方法 选取2023 年2 月至6 月在上海市某社区卫生服务中心进行健康体检的1 917 例 KOA 患者进行问卷调查,采集可能影响最大运动能力的因素信息,以最大运动强度代谢当量(MET)值<4 和≥4 为分界,将患者分为运动能力较差和运动能力较好2 组.采用单因素和多因素方法分析影响最大运动能力的因素.结果 单因素分析结果显示,影响患者最大运动能力的相关因素包括:性别、年龄、文化程度、腰痛、关节症状是否与天气变化有关、关节症状是否与身心疲惫有关、关节症状是否与运动有关、膝关节手术史、脊柱手术史、椎间盘突出或椎管狭窄手术史、高血压、糖尿病、骨质疏松、高脂血症、冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病(冠心病)、脑卒中、吸烟史、饮酒史、大便异常、小便异常、居住生活和工作环境、自我感觉家庭收入低、情绪、婚配情况、握力(P<0.05).多因素 Logistic 回归分析显示,女性、小学和初中毕业、关节症状与剧烈运动有关、握力与运动能力呈正相关(P<0.05),年龄、腰痛、关节症状与天气变化有关、关节症状与上下楼梯有关、冠心病与运动能力呈负相关(P<0.05).结论 老年 KOA 患者运动能力受限与年龄、文化程度、握力、关节症状、冠心病等因素有关.加强对患者的健康教育、进行肌肉力量训练、改善关节疼痛等症状、管理老年基础性疾病等可能是提高老年 KOA 患者运动能力的关键. |
| 英文摘要: |
| Objective To analyze the factors influencing exercise capacity in elderly patients with knee osteoarthritis(KOA)and provide evidence for targeted clinical interventions.Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among 1 917 KOA patients who underwent health check-ups at a community health service center in Shanghai in 2023.Information on potential influencing factors of exercise capacity was collected.Patients were divided into two groups based on the maximal metabolic equivalent(MET)value threshold of 4:poor exercise capacity(MET<4)and good exercise capacity(MET≥4).Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to identify the influencing factors of exercise capacity.Results Univariate analysis showed that factors associated with exercise capacity included gender,age,education level,low back pain,weather-related joint symptoms,fatigue-related joint symptoms,exercise-related joint symptoms,history of knee surgery,history of spinal surgery,history of disc herniation or spinal stenosis surgery,hypertension,diabetes,osteoporosis,hyperlipidemia,coronary heart disease,stroke,smoking history,alcohol consumption history,abnormal bowel movements,abnormal urination,occupation,self-perceived low family income,emotional state,marital status,and grip strength(P<0.05).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis revealed that female sex,primary school and junior high school education levels,and grip strength were positively correlated with exercise capacity(P<0.05),while age,low back pain,weather-related joint symptoms,stair-climbing-related joint symptoms,and coronary heart disease were negatively correlated with exercise capacity(P<0.05).Conclusion The limitation of exercise capacity in elderly KOA patients is associated with factors such as age,education level,grip strength,joint symptoms,and history of coronary heart disease.Strengthening health education for patients,conducting muscle strength training,alleviating symptoms such as joint pain,and managing underlying diseases in the elderly may be the key to improving the exercise capacity of elderly KOA patients. |
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